It’s normal for kids to have fears, worries, or feel sad sometimes. These feelings are part of growing up. For example, toddlers often get very upset when they’re away from their parents, even if they’re safe. But if a child’s fear or sadness lasts a long time or feels very strong, it could be a sign of anxiety or depression. These conditions mainly affect how kids think and feel, so they’re called “internalizing disorders.”

• Worrying most of the time or about many things

• Avoiding friends, school, or activities they used to enjoy

• Frequent stomachaches, headaches, or other complaints with no clear cause

• Trouble sleeping or eating

• Acting sad, hopeless, or crying often

• Getting upset easily or having big emotional reactions

• Talking about feeling worthless or not wanting to live

If you notice several of these signs lasting for weeks, it’s a good idea to talk to your child’s doctor or a mental health professional.

• Stay calm and listen: Give your child time to share how they feel without interrupting.

• Validate their feelings: Say things like, “I understand that feels hard for you.”

• Avoid judgment: Don’t dismiss their worries or tell them to “just stop worrying.”

• Ask open-ended questions: Instead of “Are you okay?” try “Can you tell me more about what’s bothering you?”

• Offer reassurance: Let them know you’re there to help and they’re not alone.

• Keep communication open: Check in regularly, even when things seem fine.